Copyright 2023 Volumentric Format Association

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1. Definitions

2D	Two-dimentional. Two spacial dimentions.
3D projection matrix	A Projection matrix that describes the transformation of a 3D point onto a 2D view.
3D	Three-dimentional. Three spacial dimentions.
4D	Four-dimentional. Three spacial dimentions, and one time dimention.

 

1.1. A

.aac	A file extension for an 3D is an audio coding standard for lossy digital audio compression.
AAC	Advanced Audio Coding.
AOV	Angle of View. (See: FOV)
Action	User's response or election to conduct a pre-programmed operation.
Application	A Program, i.e. an executable program, representing data files, and functions that performs a particular task or set of tasks.
Application Management	The direction of Setup functions of an Application and maintenance of resources that enable Trick Play.
Application Manager	Performs Application Management within the Player system by executing Pre-Playback Setup operations and In-Playback Navigation operations.
Application Parameters	Data specifying the Player and User settings.
Application Server	Application Source for Media Streamed applications.
Application Source	The residence of an Application delivered to the Player. The residence can be a remote Application Server in the case of Streaming, the User's local storage in the case of download, or a ROM in the case of optical disc.
Application Startup	Application functions that prepare the Player for Presentation Data Playback.
Audio Decoder	A hardware device or software program that executes audio Decoding.
Audio Encoder	A hardware device or software program that executes audio Encoding.
Autostart	Presentation Data Playback that initiates without User instruction.
AV	Audiovisual. A generic term that often refers to media containing an audio and visual component.
AV Files	A file that contains audio and video data in file format.
AV Content	Content streams that contain synchronized audio and video data.
AV Output	Output data that can be interpreted as audio and video data outputted to the User.
AV Renderer	An Application that can receive synchronized decoded audio, video, and meta data streams. Which can subsequently render the streams to form AV Output.

1.2. B

Beam Splitter	A physical optical device that splits a beam of light into two different output channels.
Buffer	A region of a memory used to store data.

1.3. C

Client	A recipient of streamed data.
Composite Video	A combined video output where the Volumetric Video Plane is overlaid with the Supplemental Video Plane and the Menu Plane.
Content Creator	A producer of an Application.
Canonical Metadata	Data that provides information about other data.

1.4. D

Data Access Manager	Navigation Manager operating module responsible for data access and exchange between the Application Source and the Player, and for De-Multiplexing the Presentation Data stream.
Data Cache	Buffers for Presentation Data, Elementary Streams, and Decoded Streams.
Decoding	Process by which encoded color, depth, meta and audio data are reverted to their original data forms.
De-Multiplexing	Method by which multiplexed analog or digital signals are separated into separate signals over a shared medium.
Download Match	Presentation Data download that accommodates the restrictions of various Application Parameters.
DRM	Digital Rights Management. Access control technologies for authenticating proprietary hardware and copyrighted works.

1.5. E

Elementary Stream	Elementary stream may represent video data, mesh data, audio data and may represent one or more logical elements of the content.
Encoder	Hardware device or software program that executes Encoding.
Encoding	Process by which color, depth, meta and audio data are converted into standards designed for efficient and accurate data transport and for high quality rendering by Players.
Error Message	A message describing the error experienced.

1.6. F

File Segmenter	Hardware device or software program that divides an M2TS file in smaller components.
FOV	Field of View. This is the angular extent of a given scene imaged by a camera, in degrees. It may be horizontal or vertical axis, to be determined by the application. (See: AOV).
Framerate	Number of individual video frames captured per second. May also be used to describe the Playback rate of captured frames per second.

1.7. G

GUI	Graphical User Interface.

1.8. H

H.265	ITU-T H.265 and ISO/IEC 23008-2 (H.265) video compression standard.
Hardware Provider	Supplier of hardware.
HD	High Definition.
Header	Identifier for a Packet.
HEVC	High Efficiency Video Coding. (see H.265)

1.9. I

Inner Region

Portion of scene space captured volume with inward facing virtual cameras.

1.10. J

.js	File extension for a Javascript file.
Jump	Playback re-direction to the next Presentation Group.

1.11. K

1.12. L

Layer Menu	Menu presentation where the Volumetric Video Plane is visible.
LOD	Level of Detail. This refers to the complexity of a 3D model representation. The complexity can be reduced depending on view distance, or device specification to improve rendering/responsive performance.
Live Streaming	An Application with an unknown Timeline duration at the time of Application execution.
Look Direction	The user direction of view in 3D space.

1.13. M

.m2ts	File extension for an MPEG-2 Transport Stream file.
.mu38	File extension for a Main Metadata.
M2TS	MPEG-2 Transport Stream.
Main Audio	Audio data in its intended, Recorded State (e.g., main feature audio portion of a movie).
Main Metadata	Canonical Metadata supporting audio and video in their intended, Recorded State.
Main Video Plane	It is the plan in the volumetric rendering plane. The page menu will always be on top of the Main Video Plane.
Media Playlist	.m3u8 manifest of .ts files delivered from the Application Source to the Player. The Media Playlist acts as the navigation map of .ts files on the Application Source side by establishing the Recorded State sequence of .ts files and by receiving stream re-direction instructions from the Player side for Trick Play events.
Media Streaming	Delivering a continuous flow of Presentation Data from the Application Source to the Player.
Menu	GUI that informs the User of the Title Timeline and Trick Play commands available for execution and communicates User instructions to other operating modules of the Player system.
Menu Call	User instruction to prompt Menu display to enable the User to access Menu displayed information or to execute Trick Play events.
Menu Plane	Video output of the Menu.
Metadata Decoder	Hardware device or software program that executes metadata Decoding.
Morpheus	Metadata Encoding and Decoding format.
Morpheus Encoder	Hardware device or software program that executes metadata Encoding.
Mover Direction	User's direction of movement through virtual space.
MPEG	The Moving Picture Experts Group.
Multiplexing	Method by which multiple analog or digital signals are combined into one signal over a shared medium.

1.14. N

Naming Convention	Standard methodology for assigning names.
Navigation	Management and operation of the Playback sequence.
Navigation Management	Direction of navigation functions of an Application.
Navigation Manager	Performs Navigation Management within the Player system by managing the flow of Presentation Data for Decoding.

1.15. O

Orthographic Camera	Virtual camera that implements a parallel projection resulting in no scale factor in the final image.
Output Management	Direction of AV Output functions of an Application.
Output Manager	Performs Output Management within the Player system by rendering AV data.
Outward Region	Portion of scene space captured with outward facing virtual cameras.

1.16. P

Packet	Basic unit of data in a Transport Stream.
Packetized Elementary Stream	Elementary Streams packetized under a format such as M2TS.
Page Menu	Menu presentation where the Main Video Plane is not visible.
Parental Management Code	Standard code assigned to recommend Titles by age group.
Patch	Is a set of Patch Metadata, Texture Atlas, depth atlas, and coordinates that represents a specific 3D region of the volume.
Patch Metadata	Data that instructs the rendering of video and audio for presentation, and attribute data that characterizes content features such as keywords that tag Presentation Groups.
Pause	Suspension of Presentation Data Playback. The State where the Player is operating Playback and the Timeline Position is not changing.
Perspective Camera	Virtual camera that mimics the view of the human eye.
PES	Packetized Elementary Stream. (See: Packetized Elementary Stream)
Play	Initiating Presentation Data Playback or continuing Presentation Data Playback. The State where the Player is operating Playback and the Timeline Position is changing in a forward direction.
Playback	Replay of recorded video, audio, and meta data to form a synchronized presentation to the User. Both pre-recorded and live stream content are viewed in Playback by a User because Presentation Data is first recorded and then streamed to the User.
Playback Error	Failure to change State when required or commanded by the User, Player or Application.
Playback Error Qualification	Performance conditions or measures that signify a Playback Error.
Player	Hardware for Presentation Data Playback.
Player and User Settings	User preferences, hardware specifications, and User or Player Restrictions.
Player Parameters	Hardware specifications for the Player.
Player Restrictions	Limitations of Player models that restrict Playback ability.
Pre-Playback	Period prior to Presentation Data Playback dedicated to Application Startup.
Presentation Data	Combined audio, video, and meta data formed to deliver synchronized and coherent Playback.
Presentation Engine	Navigation Manager operating module responsible for decoding of the Presentation Data Elementary Streams to achieve delivery of synchronized audio, video and meta data streams for rendering.
Presentation Group	Collection of Presentation Units under an assigned grouping with a resultant duration.
Presentation Group ID	Identifier for a Presentation Group that follows a Naming Convention.
Presentation Unit	Sequence of decoded audio, video, and meta data that comprises a one-second presentation to the User.
Presentation Unit ID	Identifier for a Presentation Unit that follows a Naming Convention.
Program	Collection of Presentation Groups under an assigned grouping with a resultant duration.
Program ID	Identifier for a Program that follows a Naming Convention.
Projection Matrix	Map of dependent variable values to predicted values.

1.17. Q

1.18. R

Reconstruction	Reassembly of a 3D image using separate color and depth image data.
Recorded State	Intended sequence of audio or video output.
Re-Direction	Out-of-sequence Timeline Position. (See also: Trick Play)
Region Code	Standard code assigned to geographic regions for differentiation of Presentation Data streams.
Reverse	Initiating Presentation Data Playback where the Timeline Position is changing in a backward direction or continuing Presentation Data Playback where the Timeline Position is changing in a backward direction. The State where the Player is operating Playback and the Timeline Position is changing in a backward direction.
Resolution	Display Resolution. The number of distinct pixels in each dimension that can be displayed.
ROM	Read Only Memory.
Running Player	Player currently operating Playback. A Player currently in the Pause State is a Running Player. A Player currently in the Stop State is a Standby Player.

1.19. S

SDI	Serial Digital Interface. A family of digital video interfaces first standardized by SMPTE.
Serial Digital Interface	See SDI.
Smart TV	HD television with a built-in Streaming Media Player.
SMPTE	Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers.
Speed Test	Analysis of bandwidth for an internet connection, which generally gives metrics such as: download speed, upload speed, and ping time to the test server.
Standby Player	Player that is powered on but not currently operating Playback. A Player currently in the Stop State is a Standby Player.
State	Operating condition of the Player.
State Check	Reading the most recent State.
State Record	Ongoing history of the State over the course of Playback.
Stop	Termination of Presentation Data Playback. The State where the Player is powered on but not operating Playback.
Stream Match	Presentation Data Media Stream that accommodates the restrictions of various Application Parameters.
Streaming Media Player	Player that constantly receives and presents media content to a User and delivered by a provider.
Streaming	Delivering a continuous flow of Presentation Data.
Subtitles Code	Standard code assigned to geographic regions or nations for differentiation of subtitles.
Supplemental Audio	Audio data that supports, replaces, or enhances audio data in the intended Recorded State (e.g., dubbed audio portion of a movie).
Supplemental Metadata	Canonical Metadata related to audio and video that supports, replaces, or enhances audio or video data in their intended Recorded States.
Supplemental Video	Video data that supports or enhances video data in the intended Recorded State (e.g., subtitles portion of a movie).

1.20. T

.txt	File extension for a text file.
.ts	File extension for a segmented M2TS file.
Texture Atlas	Generally, an image or image file comprised of a collection of regions of Texels, and in turn those regions of Texels generally represent smaller images.
Texel	A "texture element", or "texture pixel" is the fundamental unit of a texture map.
Timecode	Timestamps based on the SMPTE 12-1 and 12-2: 2014.
Timeline	Span of time covered by the recorded content.
Timeline Map	Playback resource that functions as a database linked to the Media Playlist, a categorization of Presentation Units according to broader groupings, and an historian of XYZ Position, Look Direction and keywords.
Timeline Position	Specific point in time along the Timeline, specifically, each Presentation Unit ID and the Timeline Map entries that correspond to the same one second duration of Presentation Data.
Timestamp	Sequence of characters or encoded information identifying when a certain event occurred.
Title	Collection of Programs under an assigned grouping with a resultant duration.
Title ID	Identifier for a Title that follows a Naming Convention.
Title Name	Name assigned to a Title by the Content Creator.
Transport Stream	MPEG digital container format for transmission and storage of audio, video, and metadata.
Trick Play	Re-direction of Playback to an out-of-sequence Timeline Position. (See also: Re-Direction)

1.21. U

User Interface Device	Hardware used to actuate User instructions to affect or alter Playback.
User Interface Engine	Navigation Manager operating module responsible for interpreting input from User Interface Devices and converting the input into navigation instructions.

1.22. V

Variable Fields	Timeline Map field populated with data over the course of Playback.
Video Encoder	Hardware device or software program that executes video Encoding.
Video Decoder	Hardware device or software program that executes video Decoding.
Video On Demand	Application with a known Timeline duration at the time of Application execution.
Virtual Camera	Software-based camera used in 3D computer graphics systems that mimic physical cameras.
Volumetric	Relating to the measure of volume and space.
Volumetric Video	Video data in its intended Recorded State (e.g., main feature video portion of a movie).
Volumetric Video Plane	Video output of the main feature video.

1.23. W

1.24. X

XYZ Position

Position coordinates in 3D space.

1.25. Y

YUV	Color encoding system that defines a color space in terms of one luma (Y′) and two chrominance (UV) components.

1.26. Z